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DIRECT & INDIRECT SPEECH

When using indirect or reported speech, the form changes. Usually indirect speech is introduced by the verb said, as in I said, Bill said, or they said. Using the verb say in this tense, indicates that something was said in the past. In these cases, the main verb in the reported sentence is put in the past. If the main verb is already in a past tense, then the tense changes to another past tense; it can almost be seen as moving even further into the past.

Verb tense changes also characterize other situations using indirect speech. Note the changes shown in the chart and see the table below for examples. With indirect speech, the use of that is optional.

*Note than when a Yes/No question is being asked in direct speech, then a construction with if or whether is used. If a WH question is being asked, then use the WH to introduce the clause. Also note that with indirect speech, these are examples of embedded questions.


The situation changes if instead of the common said another part of the very to say is used. In that case the verb tenses usually remain the same. Some examples of this situation are given below.

 
Another situation is the one in which modal constructions are used. If the verb said is used, then the form of the modal, or another modal that has a past meaning is used.
 

While not all of the possibilities have been listed here, there are enough to provide examples of the main rules governing the use of indirect or reported speech. For other situations, try to extrapolate from the examples here, or better still, refer to a good grammar text or reference book.


Some other verbs that can be used to introduce direct speech are: ask, report, tell, announce, suggest, and inquire. They are not used interchangeably; check a grammar or usage book for further information.

Source: http://www.athabascau.ca/courses/engl/155/support/direct_and_indirect_speech.htm

Final Exam Tips FOR UFS 201: DRAMA AND ROLE PLAY IN ENGLISH

SECTION A:

Part I:  Multiple Choice Questions (Grammar)
Part II: Multiple Choice Questions (Grammar)

SECTION B: STRUCTURED QUESTIONS

Part I:   Reading Comprehension
Part II:  Meaning of Word from the Comprehension
Part III: Change Direct Speech to Indirect Speech
Part IV: Putting Adjectives in the Correct Order
Part V:  Completing sentences using the correct tense

SECTION C: ESSAY

Part I: Writing a short paragraph based on the topic given. The paragraph should be 100 to 150 words.

For example:

a) If I were a millionare,...

b) If I have a lot of money,...

c) If I were a doctor,...

d) If I were an engineer,...

e) If I were a teacher,...

Part II:

Choose ONE of the two synopses and write a story dialogue based on the synopsis chose. It should be 150 to 200 words. You may include narration where necessary.

For example:

1) Azhar meets her girlfriend at the cinema. Since his girlfriend looks tired and weak, Azhar advises her by   giving some tips on healthy lifestyle.

2) Farra and Joanna are discussing about the importance of the mastering English Language and the problems they are facing in mastering the language.

3) Tracy and Claribel are the Sports Science students in UMS. They are discussing on how to educate the students to have a healty lifestyle by giving them tips during their presentation.


Please study the following post according to the tips given.

Best of Luck and Have a Nice Holiday!

P/S: HAPPY HARVEST FESTIVAL 2011 TO ALL!

Direct and Indirect Speech

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